Nova S29E1: English vocabulary

to a very great degree; extremely

to spend or use up money, time, energy, or resources

in a careful way, especially to avoid danger or mistakes

more able or skilled than someone or something else

a performer who learns a role and can replace the main actor if needed

the process of making something completely free from bacteria or other microorganisms

full of longing or sadness for someone or something

to notice or recognize something, especially something not obvious

to happen or come before something else in time, order, or position

lasting only a very short time

to make someone suddenly feel shocked or alarmed

a small firework that makes a loud bang when it explodes

relating to a galaxy or galaxies

a tool used for cracking open nuts

winning or succeeding after a struggle

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

to clean something by rubbing it hard

the act of making an explosive device explode

a person whose job is to guard a place, especially at night

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

giving off a soft, bright light

a ball of fire, especially one caused by an explosion

a bitter liquid used in small amounts to flavor cocktails

a container with a lid, used for storing dry goods or other materials

to prove that a statement, theory, or claim is false

extremely large

kept secret or done secretly, especially because it is illegal or not allowed

extremely impressive or surprising

to make someone feel shocked, upset, or disappointed

to rise or grow very quickly in amount, size, or cost

to walk or move in an unsteady way, as if you might fall

a sudden heavy attack with guns, shells, or other weapons

a drive or trip in a car, especially for pleasure

weak, delicate, and easily hurt or damaged

something that is different from what is normal or expected

difficult to find, catch, understand, or remember

in a way that is barely noticeable or easy to hear, see, or feel

to make something explode

to separate threads or fibers, or come apart into threads

a very small spot or mark

to mention or use something as support for an argument or action

a powerful company or organization that seems threatening to smaller ones

to pull something back or back in

locked with a key

a reggae drumming pattern in which the bass drum and snare hit on the same beat

lasting for only a short time

relating to planets

relating to the part of sunlight that you cannot see and that can damage skin

a natural tendency to think, feel, or act in a certain way

to let yourself be arrested without resisting

to fill something too full by pushing things in

relating to the force of gravity

to make someone very interested or curious

to stay somewhere longer than needed, often because you do not want to leave

to give off a sound, smell, light, or gas

a limit that makes something harder or less flexible

extremely good, impressive, or surprising

smiling broadly and showing happiness or excitement

to talk in a casual, lively way

the equipment and setup used to make products in a factory

the life or world believed to exist after death

to make or become darker

to catch fire and burn suddenly throughout a space

a form of oxygen with three atoms in each molecule

the one before the previous one

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

the amount of medicine or a drug that should be taken at one time or over a period of time

to attack someone or something, or start arguing with them

to fail after starting well

to bury plant material in the soil by digging or plowing it in

to start burning, or make something start burning

the act of postponing a proposal or motion for later discussion

a person who develops theories, especially in science or politics

to move into position in a line or formation, especially in the military

the use of several layers, especially in clothing

used to say that you agree to something, often reluctantly