Nova S48E17: English vocabulary

give someone or something the food or care needed for growth and health

to live in or fill a place with people or animals

to burn or darken the surface of something with heat or fire

more able or skilled than someone or something else

to attack a place with bombs or shells

a young horse

toward the inside or center

a poem with 14 lines and a fixed rhyme scheme

the sound of many short, sharp pops or snaps

lasting only a very short time

a frog of the genus Rana

a very thin thread or fiber

while facing something difficult or dangerous bravely

to cover a road, path, or area with stone, bricks, concrete, or asphalt

the light that comes from stars

causing harm or damage

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

giving off a soft, bright light

relating to the navel or the umbilical cord

a ball of fire, especially one caused by an explosion

to become stronger, more serious, or more intense

extremely large

to swallow food or drink quickly, often in a noisy way

to make a short, high sound, especially like a small bird or insect

made invalid or no longer legally effective

to walk or move in an unsteady way, as if you might fall

the hard surface that covers a road, path, or area

a small shapeless mass or lump

the fact of living for a long time

locked with a key

something that is hard to understand or explain

to make something move in a different direction

to help explain something or make it easier to understand

toward or on the outside

to free someone from prison, slavery, or control

making a deep, loud sound

to talk in a casual, lively way

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

the life or world believed to exist after death

relating to the sky or outer space

a protective covering that keeps a spacecraft from overheating during reentry

the basic work or preparation needed before something can succeed

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

a period in the past that is seen as a time of decline in learning, culture, or progress

to look through something carefully from start to finish

to help someone or something develop and grow

not broken, damaged, or interrupted

to land or settle lightly on something

a light, colorless gas used in balloons and some scientific equipment

a deep, low, continuous sound

to make something better, richer, or more interesting

a severe snowstorm with strong winds and very low visibility

very beautiful, delicate, or finely made

the event that marked the beginning of the universe

to make a long, loud, sad cry

completely wet

not obvious; hidden or not shown openly

a sudden burst or outbreak of something, especially a volcano or strong emotion

force someone to leave a place, school, or organization

while doing something, especially while making progress

a scientist who studies stars, planets, and space

the whole of something; all of it

used to emphasize that two things are exactly the same

to laugh quietly

coated or mixed with sugar

making a loud, deep, rumbling sound

relating to stars

to leave the ground and begin flying

burning with flames

the process of shaping metal or other material with machine tools

used in questions to express surprise, emphasis, or strong curiosity

a brief, often surprising meeting or contact with something unusual, impressive, or dangerous

lasting forever; never ending

the universe and everything in it

words or images that create strong pictures or feelings in the mind

to take a bag or other item onto an airplane with you instead of checking it